USA (Texas): Death penalty / Legal concern: Frances Elaine Newton (f), black, aged 38
PUBLIC AI Index: AMR 51/163/2004
19 November 2004
UA 313/04 Death penalty / Legal concern
USA (Texas) Frances Elaine Newton (f), black, aged 38
Frances Newton is scheduled to be executed in Texas on 1 December 2004. She was
convicted in October 1988 of the murder of her husband and two children in
April 1987.
Frances Newton, convicted on circumstantial evidence, maintains that she did
not kill her husband and children. Her current lawyers, who have only recently
taken the case, are appealing for a 120-day reprieve of execution in order to
be able to properly investigate her claim, an investigation they say has not
been carried out to date because of the inadequacy of her prior legal
representation.
On 7 April 1987, a police officer responding to a report of a possible shooting
in a Houston apartment complex found 21-year-old Frances Newton in her
apartment with her cousin, Sondra Nelms. Also in the apartment were the bodies
of Frances Newton’s husband, Adrian Newton, her seven-year-old son, Alton, and
21-month-old daughter, Farrah. All three victims had been shot.
At the trial, Sondra Nelms testified that on the night of the shootings Frances
Newton had placed a bag in another house shortly before the two of them went to
the Newton’s apartment where they found the bodies. The bag was later found to
contain a gun, and testimony at the trial indicated that it was the murder
weapon. An expert testified that the lower front part of Frances Newton’s skirt
contained nitrites, consistent with a gun having been fired close to it. An
insurance agent testified that in March 1987 Frances Newton had purchased a
life insurance policy on herself, her husband and her daughter.
The petition for a 120-day reprieve argues that the testimony of the state’s
trial witnesses, taken together, suggests that either Frances Newton was not in
the apartment at the time of the shooting, or that if she was she would have
had, at most, 20 minutes to shoot her husband and children, clean herself up,
compose herself, and leave the apartment to go to her cousin’s home. There was
no blood found on Frances Newton’s clothing, hands, or car, despite the fact
that the victims had been shot at close range. No gunpowder residue was found
on her hands or sweater. There was also no evidence that someone had undertaken
a cleanup at the apartment.
Frances Newton was prosecuted in Harris County, where the city of Houston is
located. In March 2003, an independent audit of the Houston Police Department
(HPD) crime laboratory revealed serious defects in the lab’s DNA analysis
section, including poorly trained staff relying on outdated scientific
techniques. Several cases suggest that the lab’s problems extended beyond its
DNA section, for example into its ballistics expertise. (see Dead wrong: The
case of Nanon Williams, child offender facing execution on flawed evidence,
web.amnesty.org/library/Index/ENGAMR510022004). The ballistics evidence
central to the Newton case was processed at the HPD. On 21 October 2004, a
judge on the Texas Court of Criminal Appeals said that there should be "a
moratorium on all executions in cases where convictions were based on evidence
from the HPD crime lab until the reliability of the evidence has been
verified". A Texas Senator and the Houston police chief have made similar calls.
At the trial, forensic experts testified that the nitrites found on Frances
Newton’s skirt could have come from fertilizer. During the day of the murder,
Farrah Newton had stayed with her uncle while her mother was at work. The uncle
had a large garden, which could account for the transfer of fertilizer
particles to the lower front side of Frances Newton’s skirt. Her lawyers argue
that a 120-day reprieve could be used to conduct further forensic testing to
establish whether in fact the gun was the murder weapon or the nitrites on the
skirt were derived from a source other than gunpowder residue.
According to the reprieve petition, Adrian Newton was a drug user and drug
seller and there is evidence that some sort of trouble in this regard was
brewing before the murder. This was the reason Frances Newton gave for removing
the gun she had found in their apartment. However, the police apparently did
not investigate the possibility that the murders were drug-related.
Sondra Nelms, who was with Frances Newton immediately after she was supposed to
have shot her husband and children, has signed an affidavit expanding on her
trial testimony. She describes Frances Newton’s shock and horror at finding the
bodies (a reaction confirmed by the police at the scene) and concludes that "I
know in my heart that after watching the reaction of Frances upon discovering
her husband and children, there is absolutely no way she had any involvement in
their deaths."
Texas accounts for 336 of the 944 executions carried out in the USA since 1977,
81 of whom were prosecuted in Harris County. Amnesty International opposes the
death penalty in all cases, regardless of guilt or innocence. Since 1973, 117
people have been released from US death rows after evidence of their innocence
emerged. Others have gone to their deaths despite serious doubts about their
guilt.
AI Index: AMR 51/163/2004 19 November 2004